Tongue cancer or carcinoma of the tongue is a type of cancer that affects the cells in the tongue. It can occur on the surface of the tongue, the base of the tongue, or in the tissues of the tongue.
Tongue Cancer Can Occur:
- On the front of the tongue, called oral tongue cancer
- At the base of the tongue, it attaches to the bottom of your mouth, called oropharyngeal cancer
Tongue Cancer Symptoms
- Reddish or White Patch on The Tongue
- Sore Throat
- Ulcer or sore on the tongue
- Pain when Swallowing
- Numbness in the Mouth
- Pain or Burning sensation on the tongue
- Difficulty Speaking
- Lump in the neck
- Unexplained bleeding from the tongue
If you experience any symptoms of tongue cancer, it is important to see a doctor right away.
Causes and Risk Factors of Tongue Cancer
The major risk factors for developing tongue cancer are smoking, over consumption of alcohol, and infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV)
Tongue Cancer Diagnosis
Your doctor performs a biopsy as the first step in diagnosing tongue cancer. During this, a small amount of tissue is removed from the part of the tongue where it is cancerous. A microscope is used to examine the tissue under a microscope to help make the diagnosis.
Your doctor will suggest special x-rays, like CT scans, MRIs, or Panorex, (A Panorex is an x-ray that shows the entire upper and lower jaw, plus the sinuses.) These imaging tests provide details about cancer. If cancer is present in your tongue, these images can show how deep the tumor is and if it has spread.
Tongue Cancer Treatment
Tongue Cancer Surgery
Glossectomy is the surgery performed to remove cancers of the tongue. Partial glossectomy is used when smaller cancers of the tongue are to be removed. A more substantial tongue portion may need to be removed for more significant cancers.
Reconstruction surgery to rebuild the tongue is the part of the care plan. The surgeons preserve and reconstruct the remaining tongue portion using innovative techniques to achieve the best function possible. Rehabilitation therapy may also be necessary to help patients regain their ability to speak and swallow.
Radiation Therapy for Tongue Cancer
Radiation therapy for tongue cancer involves aiming high-energy beams of particles at the tumor. When the particles reach the tumor, they destroy the cancer cells by damaging their DNA.
Early-Stage Tongue Cancer
Early-stage tongue cancer is often treatable and has a high survival rate. It is important to see a doctor if you notice any signs or symptoms of tongue cancer. The earlier the cancer is detected, the better the chances of successful treatment.
Smoking and Tongue Cancer
Smoking is one of the leading causes of tongue cancer. It is important to quit smoking or never start in order to reduce your risk of developing this type of cancer.
Conclusion
Tongue cancer is a serious condition that requires prompt medical attention. Knowing the symptoms, treatment options, and prevention strategies can help reduce your risk of developing this type of cancer. If you have any concerns about your oral health or notice any changes in your tongue, it is important to see a doctor or dentist right away.
